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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Operation White ： ウィキペディア英語版 Operation White Operation White was a British attempt to deliver 14 aircraft—12 Hawker Hurricane fighters and two Blackburn Skua dive bombers—to Malta from the aircraft carrier , on 17 November 1940. The operation was thwarted by the presence of the Italian Fleet at sea, which prompted a premature take-off of the fighters, and bad weather, with the result that only five aircraft reached Malta. White was one of several so-called "Club Runs" that supplied short-range fighters for the defence of Malta.〔Sturtivan, Ray (1982). ''Fleet Air Arm at war''. Allan, pp. 37 and 82〕 ==Previous missions== After the entry of Italy in the Second World War, British authorities designed a formal system of aircraft reinforcement to Malta, in order to build up a credible air defence and replace potential losses. Only two possible routes remained open after the fall of France: the most obvious, via North Africa, by shuttling the fighters through the Sahara or the Suez Canal to Egypt, and its alternative, the delivery of them by carrier from the western Mediterranean.〔Shores, Cull & Malizia, pp. 43-44〕 The first unit to be transferred by carrier was 418 Flight, a group composed by Navy and RAF pilots specially trained for deck operations.〔Shores, Cull & Malizia, pp. 44-45〕 They accomplished a successful mission on 2 August 1940 from the old carrier HMS ''Argus'', escorted by the fleet carrier , three battleships, two cruisers and 10 destroyers. Three Italian Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 medium bombers attacked the convoy, but a group of Skuas from ''Ark Royal'' shot down one of the SM.79s and repulsed the surviving two. All the British fighters reached the airstrip of Luqa at Malta, although two planes crash-landed.〔Shores, Cull & Malizia, pp. 46-47〕 The first engagement of the new arrived aircraft took place on the night of 13 August, when they shot down another SM.79. By 16 August, 418 Flight and the original Malta units were merged into 261 Squadron.〔Shores, Cull & Malizia, pp. 52-53〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation White」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.